We are the Students of the class 11ºB of the Escola Secundária/3 Rainha Santa Isabel, from Estremoz.
We decided to create a blog about what we do in English classes, like opinions from movies we saw, works we have done in class and lots of other things. We will also have vote polls about the Type of Movies we will see and later, the selection of the movie about that type. We will also have a mp3 player in the Blog. You can suggest musics if you like, we might put them.
Actually, people hear talk about genetic manipulation but really we don´t know a lot about that. Questions have been created if we need genetically modified food and where it is used. It is used in agriculture to make the products more resistent to weeds, pests and other insects that may eat fruits. The chemical products turn the vegetables in a better texture, better aspect and gives them longer life. Through the genetic engineering we developed genetically food and we have created new forms to preserve a better and longer life in food.
Benefits of GM FOOD: • Better quality food (foods higher in vitamins and minerals) • Higher nutritional levels • Inexpensive and nutrious food , like carrots with more antioxidants ex: (Production of tomatoes wich taste better and last longer)
The risks of GM FOOD: • Resistence to herbicids and pesticids encourages farmers to use excessive quanties; • Possible toxity people; • Possible tendency to provoke allergic reactions; • Doubt about whether thereis any nutritional defecit or harmful change in the GM Foo;
Pros: • Cloning organs allow organ transplant at any time (no need to find donors; • Cloning specific organy or tissues allow us study their function without experiment on a live person; • Techniques of cloning can be applied other areas of biological areas; • Scientists hope that on day therapeutic cloning can be used to generate tissues and organs for transplants. • Many challenges must be overcome before “cloned organ” transplants became reality. • The cloning is a scientific option worth exploring;
Cons:
• Cloning could be go wrong – danger of mutations; • Cloning makes usall less special; • Compromise our individuality; • Cloning is “playing God”; • Mass produced; • Reproductive cloning also could be used to populate endangered animals or animals that difficult to breed; • Cloning extinct animals presents in different habitats; • Reproductive cloning is expensive and highly inefficient; • Religion problem; • The cloning should be in any civil society; • Each other so well that some times they finish each other; • Cloning violated the right to be unic; • We can´t clone a soul;
G. M. Food – Food that is molecularly modifies so it can be produced with less corts and the companies that make G. M. Food can have more profit
Benefits of G. M. Food Better quality food (foods higher in vitamins and minerals) Higher nutritional levels Inexpensive and nutritions food, like carrot’s with more antioxidants Example: productions of tomatoes which taste better and last longer
The risks of G.M.Food Resistant to herbicides and pesticides encourages farmers to use excessive quantities Possible toxity to people Tendency to provoke allergic reactions Doubt about whether there is any nutritional deficit or harmful change in the G. M. Food
I don't want a lot for Christmas There's just one thing I need I don't care about the presents Underneath the Christmas tree I just want you for my own More than you could ever know Make my wish come true All I want for Christmas is... You
I don't want a lot for Christmas There's just one thing I need I don't care about the presents Underneath the Christmas tree I don't need to hang my stocking There upon the fireplace Santa Claus won't make me happy With a toy on Christmas day I just want you for my own More than you could ever know Make my wish come true All I want for Christmas is you You baby
I won't ask for much this Christmas I don't even wish for snow I'm just gonna keep on waiting Underneath the mistletoe I won't make a list and send it To the North Pole for Saint Nick I won't even stay awake to Hear those magic reindeers click 'Cause I just want you here tonight Holding on to me so tight What more can I do Baby all I want for Christmas is you Ooh baby All the lights are shining So brightly everywhere And the sound of children's Laughter fills the air And everyone is singing I hear those sleigh bells ringing Santa won't you bring me the one I really need Won't you please bring my baby to me...
Oh I don't want a lot for Christmas This is all I'm asking for I just want to see my baby Standing right outside my door Oh I just want you for my own More than you could ever know Make my wish come true Baby all I want for Christmas is... You
All I want for Christmas is you... baby (repeat and fade)
We couldn't present our videos in the oral evaluation. And that is because we decided to put them in the blog to everibody see them. We hope you like them:D
Genetically modified food is food that is molecularly modified, so it can be produced with less money and time, so the companies’ productions of GM Foods can have more profit of it. GM Food is regulated and controlled in labs to develop quality and turn them resistant to herbicides… But… a great number of people don’t understand what it is about what they eat that food knowing almost anything about it. On one e side this kind of food nay contain higher nutritional levels but maybe it has a high level of toxicity too. G M F is harmful because we don’t know the real problems it con provoke in the human being. On the other hand, it can also provoke allergic no reactions because it is unnatural. G MF may be the future food but the traditional food has a better quality and is healthier to Human race.
We are in the 21st century that’s a different century because we have discovered the solution for global warming. If we found or not the cure, it’s going to be decided the future of Human Kind. There are more and more environmental problems all around the world air pollution, water pollution, total or partial destruction of important ecosystems, global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone layers’s destruction. In, a short period of time catastrophes become, more frequent because they are more dangerous sun influences and changes climate patterns. All these problems lead to the extinction of many animal and plant species. Now, we have to save and protect our planet. We are the future; we are the hope, we are the world.
Cloning, has advantages and disadvantages, as in everything else. I will appoint some benefits of cloning: • Cloning human organs allows organ transplants at any time (no need to find donors); • Cloning technology can replace damaged cells in the degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s; • Techniques of cloning can be applied to other areas of biological items. And now I'll name some risks of cloning: • Clones have a very short period of life; • Cloning extinct animals is dangerous because they would need to create the DNA itself; • It may occurs programming errors in the genetic experiences. I think the Institute Merrick had no ethical behavior, because they are cloning living organisms just to a take out some organs and then kill, this is not ethical! In my point of view, cloning is an invasion of individuality. Each person has the right to be unique! Because each person has his qualities, his faults, his face...His soul! The great interest of the institute was, in fact, a question of money. Unfortunately, greed can always win all over values. I have learned about some aspects of cloning, so I concluded that I am not an adept of cloning, unless it is just done to clone organs in order to cure a disease. Otherwise, I do not agree with cloning! I think it is wrong to clone someone if you don’t have a very strong excuse to do it . Otherwise the world would turn itself in a very monotonous place to live..
The thaw is the period when the ice melts, because of the hot weather. Thaw occurs in some parts of the world. According to some experts opinion, the most affected area is near the Arctic. In last years, the surrounded ice became 40% weaker and the area reduced itself 14%. All because the temperature’s average in Alaska Northern Canada and Siberia increased much more than the global average. In about thirty years it increased 2.75°C.
Causes:
Thaw is a consequence of the undercurrents of the Antarctic. Experts believe that there are geometrical sources in Arctic depths, where there were active volcanoes, 2000 years ago.
Atmosphere’s results
Ice reflects suns light and, because we are almost without ice, the sea is turning itself darker. Because of that it’s going to absorb sun radiations, which is going to increase the temperature’s levels – climate changes. Seasons of the years are going to disappear.
Geosphere’s results
Land might become underwater, and that will cause alarming results to some islands, like the Azores. The lost of all the ice matter. Fusion between the ice and the sub soil has been provoked unsteadiness in airports and roads.
Biosphere’s results
It’s affecting millions of people. It may provoke the extinction of several animal species, like polar bears.
Hydrosphere’s results
The increase of the level’s average of sea. Stops undercurrents.
Curiosities
The most worrying is the glacier, named “Pine Island”, that moves 3.5 km each year.
It's Christmas time There's no need to be afraid At Christmas time, we let in light and we banish shade And in our world of plenty we can spread a smile of joy Throw your arms around the world at Christmas time
But say a prayer
Pray for the other ones At Christmas time it's hard, but when you're having fun There's a world outside your window And it's a world of dread and fear Where the only water flowing is the bitter sting of tears And the Christmas bells that ring there are the clanging chimes of doom Well tonight thank God it's them instead of you
And there won't be snow in Africa this Christmas time The greatest gift they'll get this year is life (Oooh) Where nothing ever grows No rain nor rivers flow Do they know it's Christmas time at all?
(Here's to you) raise a glass for everyone (Here's to them) underneath that burning sun Do they know it's Christmas time at all?
Feed the world Feed the world
Feed the world
Let them know it's Christmas time again
Feed the world Let them know it's Christmas time again
Dashing through the snow In a one horse open sleigh O'er the fields we go Laughing all the way Bells on bob tails ring Making spirits bright What fun it is to laugh and sing A sleighing song tonight
Oh, jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh Jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh
A day or two ago I thought I'd take a ride And soon Miss Fanny Bright Was seated by my side The horse was lean and lank Misfortune seemed his lot We got into a drifted bank And then we got upsot
Oh, jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh Jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh yeah
Jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh Jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh, what fun it is to ride In a one horse open sleigh
What do we love about Christmas; Does our delight reside in things? Or are the feelings in our hearts The real gift that Christmas brings.
It's seeing those we love, And sending Christmas cards, too, Appreciating people who bring us joy Special people just like you.
Posted by: Isabel Brito da Luz
Lincoln Six-Echo is a resident of a seemingly Utopian but contained facility in the year 2019. Like all of the inhabitants of this carefully controlled environment, Lincoln hopes to be chosen to go to the "The Island" - reportedly the last uncontaminated spot on the planet. But Lincoln soon discovers that everything about his existence is a lie. He and all of the other inhabitants of the facility are actually human clones. Lincoln makes a daring escape with a beautiful fellow resident named Jordan Two-Delta. Relentlessly pursued by the forces of the sinister institute that once housed them, Lincoln and Jordan engage in a race for their lives to literally meet their makers.
Dolly (05-07-1996 - 14-02-2003), a Finn Dorsett ewe, was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell, though the first vertebrate to be cloned was a tadpole in 1952 . She was cloned at the Roslin Institute in Scotland and lived there until her death when she was six. On 2003-04-09 her stuffed remains were placed at Edinburgh's Royal Museum, part of the National Museums of Scotland. Dolly was publicly significant because the effort showed that the genetic material from a specific adult cell, programmed to express only a distinct subset of its genes, can be reprogrammed to grow an entire new organism. Before this demonstration, there was no proof for the widely spread hypothesis that differentiated animal cells can give rise to entire new organisms. Cloning Dolly the sheep had a low success rate per fertilized egg; she was born after 237 eggs were used to create 29 embryos, which only produced three lambs at birth, only one of which lived. Seventy calves have been created from 9,000 attempts and one third of them died young; Prometea took 328 attempts. Notably, although the first clones were frogs, no adult cloned frog has yet been produced from a somatic adult nucleus donor cell. There were early claims that Dolly the Sheep had pathologies resembling accelerated aging. Scientists speculated that Dolly's death in 2003 was related to the shortening of telomeres, DNA-protein complexes that protect the end of linear chromosomes. However, other researchers, including Ian Wilmut who led the team that successfully cloned Dolly, argue that Dolly's early death due to respiratory infection was unrelated to deficiencies with the cloning process.
Erin Brockovich (Julia Roberts) was an unemployed single mother of three children who, after losing a personal injury lawsuit against a doctor in a car accident she was in, asks her lawyer, Edward L. Masry (Albert Finney), if he can find her a job in compensation for the loss. Ed gives her work as a file clerk in his office, and she runs across some files on a pro bono case involving medical records in real-estate files and PG&E offering to purchase the home of Hinkley, California resident Donna Jensen. Erin begins digging into the particulars of the case, convinced that the facts simply do not add up, and persuades Ed to allow her further research. After investigation, she discovers a systematic cover-up of the industrial poisoning (hexavalent chromium) of the town of Hinkley's water supply that threatens the health of an entire community. She finds that PG&E is responsible for the extensive illnesses that the residents of Hinkley have been diagnosed with and fights to bring the company to justice. Erin meets a mysterious man in a bar that claimed to Erin to have destroyed documents at PG&E, and discovers a 1966 document that ties a conversation of a corporate executive in the San Francisco PG&E headquarters to the Hinkley station that knew the water was contaminated but didn't do anything about it and advised to keep it a secret from the Hinkley neighbourhood. The evidence was examined by a judge without a jury and PG&E was court ordered to pay a settlement amount of $333 million that was divided among the 634 plaintiffs.
It is 2019, and for the last three years, Lincoln Six Echo (Ewan McGregor) has lived in a colony of uncontaminated humans, each awaiting their chance to go to the last habitable place on Earth, known as "the Island." Lincoln is discontent and although he works and socializes well, he is known for being an outsider. During a meeting with Dr. Merrick (Sean Bean), the leader of the area where he lives, Lincoln seems helpless to explain his feelings. He is frustrated by the plain white clothes everyone is given and the strict control over everyone's activities and habits. Concerned, Merrick asks to run tests on Lincoln, and inserts some robot probes into his eye sockets to monitor his activities for 24 hours. Lincoln learns that his best friend, Jordan Two Delta (Scarlett Johansson), will soon be leaving for "the Island." Through an illicit visit to a construction area, Lincoln Six surreptitiously discovers that two former colonists, who were recently thought gone to the Island, are instead being subjected to brutal, ultimately fatal medical procedures and organ harvesting. He returns to the colony to rescue Jordan Two from a similar fate, but not before company chief Dr. Merrick discovers that Lincoln Six now knows the truth. Through their escape, Lincoln Six and Jordan Two discover that the outside world is completely habitable and uncontaminated, and that each of them is a clone of a wealthy "sponsor" who paid five million dollars to be cloned as "insurance" to prolong the sponsor's life. Though they appear human, clones are in fact incubated to adulthood in as little as a year and thought of only as a product. While cloning itself is legal, allowing the clones to attain consciousness is not, and is contrary to what clients are told. However, without consciousness, Merrick confides, the product is not viable - the clones die and no use can be made of them. Thus, for financial and legal motivations, Merrick hires aparamilitary force, commanded by Albert Laurent (Djimon Hounsou), to use any means necessary to take out the two escaped clones. Merrick also discovers that Lincoln Six has some of the memories and skills inherited from his sponsor, therefore instead of having a mind designed equivalent of a fifteen year old, he is as intelligent as an adult. The two clones escape to Los Angeles in hope of finding their sponsors. During these times, they begin to explore their feelings they have toward each other since before their escape, eventually becomes romantic. Jordan learns she is the clone of a famous model, Sarah Jordan, who has recently suffered a debilitating accident and is in a coma in New York City. They find Lincoln Six's sponsor at his L.A. home. He is Tom Lincoln, who is in imminent risk of liver failure. While sponsor and clone become acquainted, Lincoln Six recruits his sponsor to appear together on T.V. in order to expose the corporation and reveal the truth. On the way to the T.V. studio, however, Tom Lincoln attempts to preserve his "insurance" by turning against his clone. Lincoln Six turns the tables on his sponsor, tricks Laurent into killing Tom, and assumes Tom's identity. Though Merrick is much relieved to hear Lincoln Six is dead, he has discovered that three entire product lines share the same "flaw" (clones exhibiting similar neural patterns as Lincoln Six before birth) and subsequently orders a "recall" — the destruction of scores of clones. Meanwhile, having assumed the identity of his sponsor, Lincoln Six finds a way to turn the tables on Merrick's corporation, and with help from Jordan and an unexpected alliance with Laurent, kills Merrick and rescues the colonists. The film ends with Lincoln and Jordan together riding the powerboat Renovatio to an unknown destination, which translates from Latin to mean the verb "Rebirth".
In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or group of taxa. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point). Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "re-appears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Through evolution, new species arise through the process of speciation—where new varieties of organisms arise and thrive when they are able to find and exploit an ecological niche—and species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition. A typical species becomes extinct within 10 million years of its first appearance, although some species, called living fossils, survive virtually unchanged for hundreds of millions of years. Extinction, though, is usually a natural phenomenon; it is estimated that 99.9% of all species that have ever lived are now extinct. Mass extinctions are relatively rare events, however, isolated extinctions are not rare. Starting approximately 100,000 years ago, and coinciding with an increase in the numbers and range of humans, species extinctions have increased to a rate estimated at 100—1000 times that in the recent fossil record. This is known as the Holocene extinction and is at least the sixth such extinction event. Some experts have estimated that up to half of presently existing species may become extinct by 2100.
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